Finding the Right Successor for Your Business

Putting a succession plan in place helps ensure the future stability of your business when you either step aside (so the business is well-run in your absence) or want to sell (leading to a smooth transfer of ownership and job security for your staff).

Finding Your Successor

Maybe you've already decided who will succeed you. A family member, key employee or another shareholder are common examples of ideal successors as they understand the business and are familiar with both your customers and suppliers.

In the event you don't have someone lined up, start by drawing up a list of all the possible candidates, whether they're likely to take over or not. Then, look at each person on the list and consider to what extent they have shown:

• Business common sense
• A passion for the business
• Business management skills, including financial and human resources management
• Leadership skills
• Strong relationships with other employees, customers and suppliers

If one or more people are internal candidates, give them a particular task that involves skills such as introducing a new product line or marketing to a new customer segment. After evaluating each person's qualities, you'll have a clearer idea of who your preferred successor could be or a shortlist of two or three people.

Using External Sources

If you're struggling to find a person inside your business, look at using your external networks to find a suitable person. This can include your accountant, bank manager, industry contacts, other small business owners, chambers of commerce, etc.

Train Your Successor

Once you've identified your successor and they've agreed to step in as owner, it's important to train them thoroughly to gain the necessary skills, expertise and experience to take over the leadership of the business.

Start by asking your successor to work in each area of your business for a certain period of time so that they know exactly what's involved with the financial management, sales and marketing, customer service and other operations.

Have the potential successor ghost you for a time, matching your tasks and time each day. Much of your expertise will be learned from experience and may not be written down. Now is the time to document all your activities to be able to leave a manual of your leadership style and decisions.

Decide on Your Future Position

Think about your role in the business, if any, that you'll have after you've left to provide ongoing support for your successor, such as:

• The time you can commit each week
• If it's an advisory role only or part-time working
• The period of time you'll be available
• The effect your presence is likely to have on your successor and staff

It's important to address these points in advance and include them in your succession plan.

Determine When You'll Step Aside

It's a wise idea to fix a date when you'll transfer the day-to-day running of the business to your successor. Setting a date gives you time to prepare for retirement, your successor time to prepare to take over and your other staff time to anticipate a change in leadership.

As the date approaches, it's appropriate to gradually become less involved in the business's management as your successor gradually takes over the leadership role.

Plan an Exit Strategy

It's important to plan your exit strategy from the business, taking into account all of the tax, investment and legal implications of transferring ownership. For example, the transfer of ownership may be subject to tax if your successor buys the business for less than its fair market value.

Seek the advice of your accountant, lawyer and other advisers, such as business valuation experts and investment professionals, for any tax or legal implications.

Decide how you'll transfer ownership of your business:

• If you are a sole proprietor, it should be relatively easy to transfer the business to another person (in effect selling the assets and possibly charging an amount for goodwill)
• If you're in a partnership, then it's more difficult, as you are in effect terminating the existing partnership and expecting the buyer of your portion of the partnership to continue
• A corporation should also be easier by selling your shares in the company to the new owner

Summary

Effective succession planning gives you the reassurance that your business will be in good hands after you've retired. However, it's rarely an easy task. Begin your succession plan as early as possible and seek as much advice as you need in order to make the transition as smooth as possible.